Salut mes merveilleux amis!
The verb of the day is Lire. I am writing this post in the same format as the first post of this challenge. Again, if you find any correction, please do not hesitate to point out. I am a French language learner, not a teacher. I'd appreciate the courteous and constructive feedback. With that, let's drink the glass of knowledge! I have divided the post into these main sections:
- Pronunciation Link
- Meaning of this Verb
- Conjugation of the verb in different tenses and moods
- Commonly used phrases with this verb
- Proverb with this verb
- Appearance of this verb in any song or textbook
Pronunciation Link
Meaning of the Verb
The verb "Lire" means "read." For a book lover, like myself, this is the most important verb. If I am in France, I would like to be able to communicate that I would die of boredom if I did not get a book to read.
Conjugation of this verb in various tenses and moods
1. Indicatif – Generally, Indicatif is used to state facts.
I write whenever I can.
You don't like drama.
We love reading books.
They have money, but they do not have a heart.
He did not go to the office today.
I did not have the courage at that moment.
He was having a rough day.
I used to ride a bicycle in the rain.
He had practiced his speech in front of the mirror before he went in front of a huge audience.
While I was in Bali, I admired nature for hours.
After my grandfather had worked for sixty years, he started gardening.
You will never write a song.
Would Irine help me with the song?
If you ask her, you will know.
By the time we'll reach, they will have hidden the evidence. (Crime investigation drama kicking in!)
My sister is getting ready in a minute.
- Présent – It is similar to Present tense of English. We use this form to express facts, conditions, habits, and routine.
The sample sentences, as per my knowledge, could be:
I write whenever I can.
You don't like drama.
We love reading books.
They have money, but they do not have a heart.
Je lis
(Subject) read(s) or is/are/am readingTu lis Il lit Nous lisons Vous lisez Ils lisent
- Passé Composé – It resonates with Present Perfect and Past forms of English language. This form is utilized to a talk about the actions that were completed in the past, and we wish to draw the attention towards its results.
I went to get a manicure in the morning.
He did not go to the office today.
I did not have the courage at that moment.
J’ai lu (Subject) read(once), I have read Tu as lu Il a lu Nous avons lu Vous avez lu Ils ont lu
- Imparfait – Imparfait form is used to write about description, habit, and actions that occurred simultaneously in the past.
It was a beautiful day.
He was having a rough day.
I used to ride a bicycle in the rain.
Je lisais (Subject) was reading/ used to read Tu lisais Il lisait Nous lisions Vous lisiez Ils lisaient
- Plus-que-parfait – This is the French version of “Past perfect” of English language. If you are narrating an incident that occurred in the past, and I you wish to include a detail that happened even before the time of that incident, you use plus-que-parfait form.
I had studied a lot before I could get a job.
He had practiced his speech in front of the mirror before he went in front of a huge audience.
J’avais lu (Subject) had read Tu avais lu Il avait lu Nous avions lu Vous aviez lu Ils avaient lu
- Passé simple – Similar to Passé Composé, Passé simple is used to describe completed actions in the past and the actions that were interrupted in the past. Being same as Passé Composé, its examples are similar to Passé Composé.
Last year, I went to Bali.
While I was in Bali, I admired nature for hours.
Je lus (Subject) read Tu lus Il lut Nous lûmes Vous lûtes Ils lurent
- Passé antérieur – This is same as Past Perfect of English language. This form is mostly used in literature.
As soon as I was in the library, I decided to issue the book “Pride and Prejudice.”
After my grandfather had worked for sixty years, he started gardening.
J’eus lu (Subject) had read Tu eus lu Il eut lu Nous eûmes lu Vous eûtes lu Ils eurent lu
- Futur – Futur is same as Future tense of English language. This form comes into picture when we are either expressing an intended action in the future or making an assumption in both present and future. Also, it may be used to make a polite request.
Tomorrow, I will write a song.
You will never write a song.
Would Irine help me with the song?
If you ask her, you will know.
Je lirai (Subject) will read Tu liras Il lira Nous lirons Vous lirez Ils liront
- Futur antérieur – Remember future perfect tense? Futur antérieur is its brother :) When you are imagining or considering something to happen in the future or something that might have happened in the past, you use this form.
He'll probably have had three boxes of cereal or he had drank three cartons of milk. (I know it's a stupid sentence, but I couldn't think of something else.)
By the time we'll reach, they will have hidden the evidence. (Crime investigation drama kicking in!)
J’aurai lu (Subject) will have read/ will had read Tu auras lu Il aura lu Nous aurons lu Vous aurez lu Ils auront lu
- Future proche – Future Proche form is used to describe an event or action that is either definite to occur in a short while or planned to happen in the future.
I am going to get a laptop in two minutes. (I'm not :( )
My sister is getting ready in a minute.
Je vais lire (Subject) is/are/am reading/about to read Tu vas lire Il va lire Nous allons lire Vous allez lire Ils vont lire
- Conditionnel – This mood is used to express statements of possibility and condition.
- Présent – If we wish to express a possibility about present or future from a past point of view, then this would be my choice of sentence form.
I would like to be an author, someday.
Drashti thought that she might go on a vacation to Paris.
If she went to Paris, she could become a model.
Arun, could you stop teasing me?Je lirais (Subject) would read Tu lirais Il lirait Nous lirions Vous liriez Ils liraient
- Passé – Imagine that you are telling about an incident that happened in the past, where you expressed a possibility, then this is the form you need to be using. Of course, it is confusing, but don't worry. Hopefully, sample sentences will help in making it understandable.
If I had gone with you, I would have scolded him.My grandfather would have sorted our problems if we had asked him.*Tip – Use Conditionnel Passé in that part of the sentence that indicates a result of the action.J’aurais lu (Subject) would had read/ would have read Tu aurais lu Il aurait lu Nous aurions lu Vous auriez lu Ils auraient lu
- Passé - forme alternative – This form is used in literary formats of writing. Not my cup of tea! The same thought can be expressed by using above form.
J’eusse lu (Subject) would had read/ would have read Tu eusses lu Il eût lu Nous eussions lu Vous eussiez lu Ils eussent lu
- Subjonctif – This mood of expressions focuses on various emotions, such as doubt, a fear, subjectivity, hope.
- Présent – If the main part of the sentence is in present form, then the part after que, expressing emotions, will be in subjonctif présent form. Confused? Well, hopefully sample sentences will clear the air.
It is important to me that my family eats dinner together.
I am happy that my readers like my blog.que je lise that (Subject) read(s) or is/are/am reading que tu lises qu’il lise que nous lisions que vous lisiez qu’ils lisent
- Imparfait –If the main part of the sentence is in past form, then the part after que, expressing emotions, will be in subjonctif imparfait form. However, this form is used in literary docs. For ordinary usage, subjonctif passé is our guy.
que je lusse that (Subject) reador that (Subject) was/were reading que tu lusses qu’il lût que nous lussions que vous lussiez qu’ils lussent
- Plus-que-parfait – Again, this form is also used in literary documents.
que j’ eusse lu (Subject) would read/ read que tu eusses lu qu’il eût lu que nous eussions lu que vous eussiez lu qu’ils eussent lu
- Passé – If main part of the sentence is in past form, then the part after que, expressing emotions, will be in subjonctif passé form. Other than this, if we are expressing emotions about somebody's past, then too, we use this form.
I had wished that he would succeed in his hunt for a decent job.
He is afraid that he received love from everybody only for his money.que j’aie lu that (Subject) read or that (Subject) was reading que tu aies lu qu’il ait lu que nous ayons lu que vous ayez lu qu’ils aient lu
- Impératif – This mood is utilized to give orders.
- Présent – There is nothing to explain here. This form is utilized in giving orders.
Drive me to the airport!
Sit with me!
Don't talk to me!
lis Read! lisons Let's read! lisez Read!
Commonly used phrases with this verb
Two of my favorite phrases are:
- lire sur les lèvres -- lip-read
- lire à haute voix -- read out
Proverbs using this verb
I could not find a proverb; however, I found a quote on https://www.talkinfrench.com. I am sharing the quote, here. Oh ! si tu pouvais lire dans mon coeur, tu verrais la place où je t’ai mise ! - FlaubertIt means, "If you could read my heart, you would see the place I have given you there."
Appearance of this verb in any song or famous textbook
I cannot miss any chance to take a look inside my favorite book "Alice in Wonderland," and here are a few of my favorite dialogues of this book:
A ce moment, le Roi, qui avait été pendant quelque temps fort occupé à griffonner sur son carnet, cria: <<Silence !>> et se mit à lire à haute voix: <<Article Quarante-deux: Toute personne dépassant un kilomètre de haut doit quitter le Tribunal.>>
Chacun regarde Alice.
“Moi, je n’ai pas un kilomètre de haut, dit Alice.
– Si fait, affirma le Roi.
– Près de deux Kilomètres, ajouta la Reine.
– De toute façon, je ne m’en irai pas, déclara Alice. D’ailleurs cet article ne fait pas partie du code: vous venez de l’inviter à l’instant.
The homework for all of us is to translate these dialogues using our brains and knowledge.
Sources: http://ouicestca.com/, http://french.about.com/, https://francais.lingolia.com, https://www.laits.utexas.edu, http://www.languagerealm.com, http://www.mamalisa.com/
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